Management of childhood asthma in the emergency department in marrakesh, morocco

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. The morbidity and asthma mortality have become a problem in recent years, the most often due to inadequate therapeutic management. The work described in this study was directed at learning more about how asthma is managed in the community, and steps that can be taken to improve the management of these conditions. For this goal, we performed a prospective study with 216 patients; the population studied included children between the ages of 2 and 15 who presented to emergency department (ED) in The Mother-Child Hospital (Mohammed VI University hospital) in Marrakech over one year from January to December 2016. We found that. The majority of the patient (83.8%) had already developed an asthma attack .The personal and family history of asthma and /or atopy are present in more than half of the patients (57%). We also found that the allergens were the main precipitating factors (94%). The reason for consultation was cough in 94% of children. In Clinical examination, all patients had wheezes (100%) followed by Polypnea (63.4%). The treatment of choice was nebulization of salbutamol used for (96.3%) of children, followed by injection corticotherapy (56%) and oral corticotherapy (50%). Antibiotics were prescribed for 127 children (58.8%). In the result of this management 85.6% of patients presented an improvement and received ambulatory treatment. Childhood asthma remains under diagnosed and subcontracted it must be evoked as soon as the respiratory symptoms are repeted. In addition to the thoracic radiography which must be required systematically, the respiratory functional exploration not only contributes to the control of asthma but also for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment prescribed, without forgets education during each consultation. Adhering to asthma regimes implies not only taking medications to relieve asthma attacks, but also adjusting their life styles in order to prevent asthma attacks.