Health Sciences

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the largest preventable causes of death and illness in the world, smoking does not just kill people, it ruins their lives through chronic illness, including respiratory disease, peripheral vascular disease and non-fatal stroke, cigarette there are may different varieties of cigarette tobacoo,it is has been suggested that smoking –related diseases and thrombosis. Purpose: This study aimed to assess D. dimer level in Sudanese smokers.

Background: Chronic renal failure: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) describes abnormal kidney function and/or structure. There is evidence that treatment can prevent or delay the progression of CKD, reduce or prevent the development of complications, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The definition of CKD is based on the presence of kidney damage (ie albuminuria) or decreased kidney function (ie glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 ml/minute per 1•73 m²) for three months or more, irrespective of clinical diagnosis. Protein C &S

Tuberculosis is a worldwide, chronic communicable bacterial disease and important cause of death in many parts of world, especially in India. Of the 8.6 million cases,2.2(25%)million cases occurred in India making India the world’s highest tuberculosis burden country.1 The national tuberculosis control program was started in 1962 with the aim to detect cases at the earliest but later it was included in prime minister’s 20 points program. The RNTCP program was launched in pilot basis in 1993. The RNTCP has expanded over the years and since March 2006, it covers the whole country.

INTRODUCTION: Neck hyperextension is a powerful strategy that may hinder the normal motor development resulting in abnormal quality of muscle tone and movement. This leads to abnormal developmental pattern which hinders the midline orientation of the head. Inhibition of this pattern along with facilitation of normal development pattern may have a positive effect on neck control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of passive elongation of scapula retractors on neck control in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

To understand replication of DNA and other events during replication like damages, repair, mutations and carcinogenesis and cell death, we have to understand Basic Building Blocks of the universe (Fig- 1) (mass – B.B.B Bit or B-Bit) and Information s (Code PcPs) and Divine Mechanics Unit (CCP, Code PcPs and CP).

Sausage is one of the popular comminuted meat products available around the world. In sausage production, binders are added to improve texture, cooking yield and as an aid in improving quality attributes such as taste and juiciness. Mostly wheat flour is the main ingredient used as the binder in the sausage production. In present study, four types of binders were tested with wheat flour. Rice (red kekulu), maize (Hybrid-Sampath), mung bean (MI 6) and cowpea (Dawala) were used in place of wheat flour binder to produce sausages.

Background: Healthcare resources need to maintain pace with the increasing population and expectations. A hospital bed is a very important but limited healthcare resource. The analysis of various trends in bed utilization thus identifies the present problems as well as future contingencies in health care. It is thus recommended that bed utilization indices be used routinely to assess, analyze and improve the available resources.

Background: Healthcare resources need to maintain pace with the increasing population and expectations. A hospital bed is a very important but limited healthcare resource. The analysis of various trends in bed utilization thus identifies the present problems as well as future contingencies in health care. It is thus recommended that bed utilization indices be used routinely to assess, analyze and improve the available resources.

Objective: Its aim was threefold: (i) to determine the prevalence of caries in a group of patients attending to dental school, (ii) to determine the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and (iii) to establish a relationship between the condition of patient’s oral health education and their oral status. Method: This present study was carried out at Conservative Department School of Dentistry faculty of Medical Sciences/ University of Sulaimani and consisted of 1000 adult patient 468 male and 532 females.

Background: A common polymorphism occurs at codon 72 of P53 gene, with two alleles encoding either Arginine (CGC) or Proline (CCC) has been reported to be associated with cancer susceptibility. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the hematological findings in Sudanese patients with lymphoid leukemias with relation to p53 gene exon 4 codon 72 Arginine /Proline polymorphism.